Steam-boiler.



C. HARTER.

STEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8.1917.

1,249,079. Patented Dec. 4,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

c. HARTER.

sIEAm noun. APPLICATION. FILED IUNE 8. I917.

1,249,079. Patented Dee. 4,1917.

Z SHEETS--SHEET 2- CHARLES HARTEB, OF

g1 TED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

I I smouisj vussoum, assrsnon or ONE-HALF :ro JOHN E.

OZBRIEN, or s1. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

STEAM-BOILER.

To' all whom it may concern: Beit knownthat I, CHARLES l-IAirren, a.citizen of the United States of America, a resident of the city of St.Louis, State of 5 Missouri have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Steam-Boilers, of

the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference beinghad to the accompan ing drawings, forming a part of thiss'pec' cation.

invention relates to a steam boiler of t the" re tube type and it hasfor its object the rovision of means in a boiler of this kin through themedium of which a conwtinu'ous circulation of the waterin the boiler iscreated, so that the water is constantly treturned'to th'e'proximity ofthe fire cham- .berafte'r it'has circulated in a direction away' fromsaid chamber toward the opposite"end of the boiler. The type of boilerto'which m improvementis more particu- .i1arlly --inten ed to be appliedis that used in; 0

omotives,and I will describe the invention as used .in a locomotiveboiler, with the-understanding that in so doing I do not limit myself tot 0 use of my improvement 1 etc boilers of this particular description.

The ordinary fire tube boiler used for locomotives comprises a shellincluding the 80 boiler barrel, the fire box partiall surrounded by theboiler barrel, the smo e box Y tand tubes" extending longitudinally ofthe barrel between the fire box and the smoke box, the'said tubesserving to conduct smoke and h-ot gases from the fire box to the smokebox. While some heat is radiated from the 'itubs' into" the water aroundthem, the greatest benefit of thehe'at produced in the fire boxtoproducesteamIis created immediately 40 around the firebox, and as thereis nomeans 1 forcreating a continuous circulation of amater longitudinally ofthe" boiler a very considerable quantitv' of th'e. water-is constantlysubjected only to'being heated by 4-6 the tubesfand'its temperatureisnot raised.

to'the degree or the temperature of "the Mater; immediately adjacent tothe fire box. Consequently, the production of" steam in or; i. l

Specification 01 Letters Patent.

mperatureg-ad'j aeenttci the fii'ebo v as the result of a constantcirculation lon- Patented Dec. 4, 191 '7. 4

Application tiled June 8, 1917. Serial No 173,524.

git udinally of the boiler. It is the purpose of my invention to providesuch circulation and thereby increase the efiiciency of a fire tubeboiler.

Figure I is a vertical longitudinal section of my steam boiler.

Fig. II is a horizontal section of the boiler barrel.

Fig. III is a vertical cross section on line III-III, Fig. I.

Fig. IV is an enlar ed vertical cross section on line IV-IV, ig. I

Fig. V is an enlarged vertical section through one of, the verticalsteam pipes anda fragment of the dividing sheet extending longitudinallyof the boiler barrel.

In the drawings A designates'the barrel of 'a locomotive boiler havinginteriorly thereof at its rear end a fire box B, around which'water inthe boiler barrel is adapted to circulate. the end of the fire box andthe tube sheet (5 at the opposite end of the boiler barrel are the firetubes 0 through which smoke and hot gases are conducted to the smoke boxD. These described elements being present in ordinary locomotiveboilers, no invention is herein claimed for them. 7

To provide for circulation of water longitudinally of the boiler so thatit will pass forwardly away from the fire box and then return'to thefire box to be subjected to Between the tube sheet b at,

I arrange a dividing sheet 1 in the gbarre].

A at a point above the bottom of the barrel,

this dividing sheet extending from the fire,

box tube sheet 1) into proximity with the forward tube sheet cl andextending transversely from side to side of the boiler barrel, as seenin Figs. II and III. Said dividing sheet serves to subdivide the boilerbarrel into upper and lower channels, between which I communication ispreferably arranged for by providing one or more open-' ings 2 in thedivision sheet atits end farthest removed from tne fire box. \Vhile Iprefer 'to'furnishcomm'unicationbetween the cha r oilerl; barrel. by'providing an.

nos in" th fir ng... a s es "time? 0 in s s; i 't ment oned. it A result5 would b accomplished by making the division sheet of such length thatit will terminate at a short distance from the forward tube sheet d.

In the use of my boiler the water at-the sides of and above the fire boxB when heated rises and tends to move forwardly in the boiler barrelabove the dividing sheet 1. In so doing it tends to force the water infront of it forwardly and to create a circulation from the channel abovethe dividing sheet to the channel beneath the dividing sheet, so that:the water in the lower channcl will be forced toward the tire box andreturned to circulate around said box, where it will be subjected to thehigher degree of heat radiated from said box. When the water in theboiler has been once heated, there is a constant circulation in the athjust pointed out, and the etliciency of t e boiler is rendered muchgreater than the efliciency of an ordinary fire tube steam boiler lackinmeans for occasioning longitudinal circu ation, as contemplated by myinvention.

To avoid the occurrence of a steam pocket beneath the dividing sheet 1,I provide means whereby any steam created in the channel beneath thedividing sheet may be vented therefrom to the steam space at the top ofthe boiler barrel. The means utilized for this purpose preferablycomprises a series of vertical steam vent pipes 3 extending through thedividing sheet 1 and secured thereto by nuts 4 and 5 located above andbelow the dividing sheet. The upper ends of .these' steam pipes aresecured in any suitable .manner to stay bars 6 attached to the boilerbarrel. The dividing sheet 1 is arched transversely, as shown in Fig.III, to cause the steam in the lower channel to How toward the steampipes 3, which extend upwardly from the highest portion of the such. 1

If the dividing sheet 1 is rivetedto the tube sheet 7), the heatgenerated in the tire box'will be transmitted through two thicknesses ofmetal at thejunetion of theseparts, and the joint will be subjected to amuch higher degree of heat than adjacent portions of the firebox. Thetube sheet 6 is therefore preferably separated a slight distance fromthe adjacent end of the dividing sheet- (Fig. I) to provide a restrictedpassageway wherein some of the hot water rises to avoid the danger ofoverheating the end of the dividing sheet. Fig. III shows that thedividing sheet arranged above one group of thctubes2 and ,below anothergroup of the tubes. This is a very important feature of theinvcntioufand several advantages are obtained by arrang-.

ing the dividing sheet. between the groups of tu es If the dividingsheet was located ontirely below all of the tubes in an ordinarylocomotive boiler the results I obtain would not be accomplished. Thelower channel formed below the dividing sheet would be so small that noappreciable circulation would be obtained by the use of the dividinsheet. i

y arranging the dividing sheet 1 be tween the upper and lower groups oftubes,

as herein shown. '1 form two large, unob-.

structed channels wherein the water circulates freely and very rapidly.The hottestwater circulates freely and quickly in the large upperpassageway above the dividing sheet, the. temperature of the water beinggradually reduced as it flows away from the fire box to the passageway 2in the dividing sheet 1. The relatively cool water flows downwardlythrough the passageway 2 andinto the large, unobstructed lower channelleading to the lower portion of the fire box. Owing to the peculiarmanner in which the dividing sheet is combined with the upper and lowergroups of tubes, a rapid circulation is obtained and the efliciency ofthe boiler is greatly increased. Furthermore, both groups of tubes areconstantly subjected to the cleansing action of a large body of water,moving at'a high velocity toward and away from the water leg around thetire box. As a consequence, theformation of scale on the tubes isprevented and the. sediment is forcibly carried to the water leg, whereit drops. by gravity to the bottom of said leg. The water passing fromthe fire tubes in said barrel lea-ding rom said fire box,-and a dividinsheet arranged between the groups of tu es and subdividing.

the portion-of said boiler barrel through which said tubes extend into aplurality of channels permittin longitudinally of t e boiler barrel toand circulation of Y water i from said fire box, said dividing sheetbciug thus combined with the boiler barrel and fire box to rovide acontinuous endless passageway t rough which the water, riscirculatedto.-

ing at the fire box, is forcibli l d h I ,oi er an t en ward theopposite-end of the back to the fire box.

2. The combination, in a boiler of. the

, achtirahter described, of a boiler barrel, a fire I boxat. one end ofsaid boiler barrel partially surrounded by said barrel, roups of liretubes in said barrel leading rom said tire box, and a horizontal dividinsheet arranged in said barrel between sai groups of tubes and dividinthe barrel into upper and lower channels tirough which water maycirculate longitudinally of the boiler barrel to and from said fire box,said dividin sheet;

bein thus combined with the boiler 'arrel and re box to provide acontinuous endless water passageway through which the Water, rising atthe fire box, is forcibly circulated along the groups of tubes and backto the fire box.

3. The combination, in a boiler of the character described, of a boilerbarrel, a fire box at one end of said boiler barrel partially surroundedby said barrel, upper and lower roups of fire tubes in said barrelleading rom said fire box and a longitudinal dividing sheet secured inthe barrel between the upper and lower groups of tubes and dividing-thebarrel into large upper and lower channels through which the water cancirculate freely, longitudinally of the barrel, to and from the firebox, a transverse passagewa being formed near'the end of the divi ingsheet farthest from the fire box to allow the water to circulatedownwardly from the upper channel above the dividing sheet to the lowerchannel below said dividing sheet, said dividing sheet being thuscombined with the boiler barrel and fire box to provide a continuousendless water passageway through which the water, rising at the firebox, is fdrcibly circulated along the uppergroup of tubes to a ointremote from ,theiirebox and then bac along'the lower grou of tubesto thefire box.

4.v llhe eombinatiomjin a boiler of the character described, of a boilerbarrel, a fire box at one end of said boiler barrel partially assurrounded by said barrel, upper and lower groups of fire, tubes in saidbarrel leading rom said firebox, and a longitudinal dividing sheetextending across the barrel be 40 tween the upper and lower groups oftubes to provide a large, unobstructed upper channel for the circulationof water from the upper portion of the fire box and a large,.unobstructed lower channel for the returnof the water to the lowerportion of the fire box, a transverse passageway being formed near theend of the dividing sheet farthest from the fire box to allow the waterto circulate downwardly from the group of tubes in the upper channelabove the dividing sheet to the group of tubes in the lower channelbelow said dividing sheet. said dividing sheet being thus combined withtheboiler barrel and fire box to,

providea continuous endless water passageway through which the. water,risingat the fire box, isforcibly circulated along the upper roup oftubes to a point remote from the re box and then back along the lower 10 group of tubes to the fire box.

5. The combination, in a boiler of the character described, .of a boilerbarrel, a fire box at one end of said boiler barrel 'artiallyggurrounded by-said barrel, a water eg beingVformedaroun'd the. fire boxand between the upper and lower groups of tubes to provide a largeunobstructed channel for the circulation of water from the upper portionof the water leg and a large unobstructed lower channel for'the return"of the water to the lower portion of said water leg, said lower channelbeing in free communlcation with the relatively shallow portion of thewater leg at the front of the fire box,- a transverse passageway being30 formed near the end of the dividing sheet farthest from the fire boxto allow the water to circulate downwardly from the group of tubes inthe upper channel, abovethe dividing sheet, .to the group. of tubes inthe lower channel below said dividing sheet, said dividing sheet beinthus combined with the boiler barrel an fire box to provide a continuousendless water passageway through which the water, rising at the firebox, is forcibly circulated along the upper group of tubes to a pointremote from the fire box and then back along the lower group of tubes tothe fire box, and a re-. stricted Water passageway being formed 96between the fire box and the adjacent end of the dividing sheet. v

6. The combination, in a boiler of the character described, of a boilerbarrel, a fire box at one end of said boiler, barrel 100 partiallysurrounded by said barrel, upper and lower groups of fire tubes in saidbarrel leading from said fire box, a longitudinal dividing sheet securedin the barrel between the upper and lower groups of tubes and dividingthe barrel into large upper and lower channels through which the watercan circulate freely, longitudinally of the barrel, to and from the firebox, a transerse passa eway being formed nearthe end of the divi ingsheet farthest from the fire box to allow the water to circulatedownwardly from the upper channel above the dividing sheet to the lowerchannel below said dividing sheet, said dividing sheet being thuscombined with the bollerbarrel and fire bpx to provide a continuousendless water passageway through which the water, rising at the firebox, is forcibly circulated along the upper group of tubes to a pointremote from the fire box and then back along the lower roup of tubes tothe fire box, and means or conducting steam from said lower channel tosaid upper channel' 7. The combination, in a boiler of the characterdescribed, of a boiler barrel, a fire box at one end of said boilerbarrel partially surrounded by said barrel, fire tubes in said barrelleading from said fire box, a horizontal dividing sheet in the portionof 'whereb said barrel through which said tubes extend by which saidportion of the 'barrel is subdivided into upper and lower channelsthrough which water may circulate longitudinally of the boiler barrel toand from said fire box, said dividing sheet being thus combined with theboiler barrel and. fire box to provide a continuous endless passagewaythrough which the water, rising at the fire box, is forcibly circulatedtoward the opposite end of the boiler and then back to the fire box, andsteam conducting pipes leading upwardly from said -dividin sheet steammay be conducted from the ehanne beneath said dividing sheet to thesteam"space at the top of the boiler barrel.

8. The combination, in a boiler of the character described, of a boilerbarrel, a fire box at one end of said boiler barre] partially surroundedby said barrel, groups of fire tubes in said barrel leading from saidfire box, a horizontal dividin sheet in the portion of said barrelthroug which said tubes extend by which said portion of the barrel issubdivided into upper and lower channels through which water maycirculate longitudinally of the boiler barrel to and from said fire box,said dividing sheet being thus combined with the boiler barrel and firebox to provide a continuous endless water passageway through which thewater, risin at the fire box, is forcibl circulated ailing the groups oftubes an back to the fire box, said dividing sheet being archedtransversely, and a steam conductor leading upwardly from therelatively. high portion of the arch to conduct steam from the lowerchannel to the steam space at the top of the boiler barrel.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I hereunto affix my signature.

QHARLES HARTER.

